Average lifetime emissions for vehicles sold, 2030

Sources

IEA Mobility Model, September 2021 version.

Notes

STEPS = Stated Policies Scenario; APS = Announced Pledges Scenario; NZE = Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario; ICE = internal combustion engine; CNG = compressed natural gas; HEV = hybrid electric vehicle; PHEV = plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; BEV = battery electric vehicle; FCEV = fuel cell electric vehicle. Grey bars show the global weighted average well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions performance. Coloured columns show the range of performance across all five regions covered in detail in this report (China, Europe, the United States, Japan, and developing and emerging countries). Black bars (2019 STEPS only) show the global weighted average performance of each powertrain in the city car segment (lower bars) and large SUV segment (upper bars), respectively (except for CNG ICE vehicles and FCEVs, where bars show minimum and maximum values across all segments sold).