Hydrogen
Net Zero Emissions Guide
This report is part of Net Zero Roadmap: A Global Pathway to Keep the 1.5 °C Goal in Reach
About this report
This 2023 update to our Net Zero Roadmap surveys the complex and dynamic energy landscape and sets out an updated pathway to net zero by 2050, taking account of the key developments that have occurred since 2021.
4% of cumulative emissions reductions
Hydrogen
Low-emissions hydrogen production
| Milestones | 2022 | 2030 | 2035 | 2050 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total hydrogen demand | 95 | 150 | 215 | 430 |
| Refining (Mt H2) | 42 | 35 | 26 | 10 |
| Industry (Mt H2) | 53 | 71 | 92 | 139 |
| Transport (Mt H2-eq, including hydrogen-based fuels) | 0 | 16 | 40 | 193 |
| Power generation (Mt H2-eq, including hydrogen-based fuels) | 0 | 22 | 48 | 74 |
| Other (Mt H2) | 0 | 6 | 10 | 14 |
| Share of total electricity generation | 0% | 1% | 1% | 1% |
| Low-emissions hydrogen production (Mt H2) | 1 | 70 | 150 | 420 |
| From low-emissions electricity | 0 | 51 | 116 | 327 |
| From fossil fuels with CCUS | 1 | 18 | 34 | 89 |
| Cumulative installed electrolysis capacity (GW electric input) | 1 | 590 | 1 340 | 3 300 |
| Cumulative CO2 storage for hydrogen production (Mt CO2) | 11 | 215 | 410 | 1 050 |
| Hydrogen pipelines (km) | 5 000 | 19 000 | 44 000 | 209 000 |
| Underground hydrogen storage capacity (TWh) | 0.5 | 70 | 240 | 1 200 |
Announced cumulative electrolyser manufacturing capacity output, if fully realised, would be 80% of the NZE level in 2030
Demand for low-emissions hydrogen grows quickly in the NZE, particularly in heavy industry, transport and the production of hydrogen-based fuels
