Decree 4134 of 2011

Decree 4134 of 2011 established the National Mining Agency (ANM) under the Colombian Ministry of Mines and Energy.
According to Article 3 of the Decree, the purpose of the ANM is to comprehensively manage the mineral resources owned by the State, to promote the optimal and sustainable use of mining resources in accordance with the relevant regulations and in coordination with the environmental authorities on issues that require, and to follow up on private subsoil property titles when this function is delegated by the Ministry of Mines and Energy in accordance with the law.
Article 4 of the Decree names the functions of the ANM. These include the management of mineral resources for the state and the granting of rights for exploration and exploitation; the formulation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies in the mining sectors, the implementation of prior consultation processes for ethnic groups in coordination with relevant authorities and the reservation of areas with mining potential (known as AEM) in order to grant them in a concession contract.
The ANM is currently responsible for establishing and updating the national list of strategic and critical minerals for Colombia. In accordance with its policy of contracting areas with high strategic mineral potential as Strategic Mineral Areas, the ANM has made offers on land with potential for copper and phosphates.

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